BREAKING THE CYCLE: A FRESH PERSPECTIVE ON DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS
Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs are among the most debilitating complications associated with diabetes mellitus, significantly affecting patients’ quality of life and imposing a considerable burden on healthcare systems. DFUs result from a complex interplay of neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, immune dysfunction, and poor glycemic control, all of which contribute to delayed wound healing and a high risk of infection. With a global prevalence ranging from 4% to 27%, DFUs are responsible for over half of all non-traumatic lower limb amputations worldwide. The situation is particularly severe in countries with a high number of undiagnosed diabetes cases, such as Indonesia, where mortality and amputation rates due to DFUs remain alarmingly high. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology, microbiology, classification, and complications of DFUs, highlighting the need for early intervention, multidisciplinary care, and increased awareness to prevent long-term consequences.